Oil and gas exploration activities require extensive drilling in the earth’s crust to extract crude oil and natural gases. The outcome of this drilling activity is mainly crude oil and drilling mud.
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This drilling mud includes drilling fluids and materials obtained from the earth’s crust, such as sand, rocks, and drill cuttings among others. Drill mud and drill cuttings are harmful to the environment, and hence its management becomes a matter of prime concern. These environmental impacts are mainly caused due to emissions that are generated during drilling operations. The increasing demand of environmental protection and avoiding the contamination of drilling fluids has given rise to the concept of waste management in drilling operations.
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